THE  SOUTHERN  SOLDIERS  1MTY. 


A.  IDISOOTJK,SE 

l'l.l.l\  ERKD     BY 

Rev.   .1.   JOXES. 

m    ink 

ROME  LIGHT  GUARDS 

AMI 


i 


IN 

The  Presbyterian  Church  of  Rome,  6a., 


ON 


SABBATH     MORNING, 
The  26tb  of  May,  1861. 


ROME: 
i:am    I'mwkk   i-kkss  ••!    p.    h.    mason, 
1861. 


YT 


THE  SOUTHERN  SOLDIER'S   DUTY. 

.A.    HDXSOOXJI^SE 


DELIVERED    BY 


Rev.    J.   JONES. 


'O    THE 


ROME  LIGHT  GUARDS, 


i^v>^  ^v\w\.% 


The  Presbyterian  Church  of  Rome,  Ga„ 


ON 


SABBATH      MOZFtTNTHSTGr. 
The  2£fh  *>f  Mav,  1S61. 


ROME: 

•TEAM    POWER    ?R£S3    07    P.     TJ.    MASON", 

18*61. 


co^i^ESP'O^riDEJisrcE. 


May  27th,  1861. 
Rev.  J.  Jones, 

Dear  Sir: — By  a  unanimous  vote  of  Company,  you  are  respectfully 
requested  to  give  us  a  copy  of  your  excellent  Discourse  to  the  volunteers, 
for  publication,  perusal,  and  preservation. 

Hoping  that  you  will  gratify  our  desire,  and  accept  our  best  wishes 
for  you  and  yours,  we  are,  most  respectfully, 

Yours, 
E.  J.  MAGRUDER, 
Captain  of  the  Rome  Light  Guards. 
S.  H.  HALL,  1st  Lieutenant. 
M.  DWINELL,  2d 
G.  R.  LUMPKIN,  3d    - 
J.  T.  MOORE,  1st  Serjeant. 


May  29th,  1861. 

To  Capt.  E.  J.Magruder  and  his  officers,  Messrs.  Hall,  Dwinell,  Lump- 
kin, and  Moore. 

Gentlemen  : — According  to  your  request,  I  furnish  a  copy  of  the 
Discourse  for  publication,  &c.  Please  accept  for  yourselves  and  com- 
pany, my  kindest  regards  and  earnest  prayer  for  your  protection  in  the 
day  of  battle. 

Very  Respectfully,  Yours, 

J.  JONES. 


The  following  chapter  was  read  before  sermon  :  Joel,  2d  chapter,  1-24, 
and  27th  verses. 

Blow  ye  the  trumpet  in  Zion,  and  sound  an  alarm  in  my  holy  moun- 
tain:   let  all  the  inhabitants  of  the  land  tremble;   for  the  day  of  the  Lord 
cometh,  for  it  is  nigh  at  hand;     (2)  A  day    of  darkness  and  of  gloomi- 
ness, a  day  of  cloud  and  of  thick  darkness,  as  the  morning  spread  up- 
on the  mountains;  a  great  people  and  a  strong;  there  hath  not  been  ever  the 
like,  neither  shall  be  any  more  after  it,  even  the  years  of  many  gener- 
ations.    (3)  A  fire  devoureth  before  them;  and  behind  them  a  flame  bur- 
netii; the  land  is  as  the  garden  of  Eden  before  them,  and  behind  them  a 
desolate  wilderness;  yea,  and  nothing  shall  escape  them.     (4)  The  ap- 
pearance of  them  is  as  the  appearance  of  horses;  and  as   horsemen,  so 
shall  they  run.     (5)  Like  the  noise   of  chariots  on  the    tops  of   moun- 
tains shall  they  leap,  like  the  noise  of  a  flame  of  fire  that  devoureth  the 
stubble,  as  a  strong  people  set  in    battle-array.     (0)  Before    their    face 
the  people  shall  be  much  pained;  all  faces  shall  gather  blackness.     (7) 
They  shall  run  like  mighty  men;  they  shall  climb  the    wall  like    men 
of  war;  and  they  shall  march  every  one  on  his  ways,  and  they  shall  not 
break  their  ranks:     (8)  Neither    shall  one   thrust    another;    they    shall 
walk  every  one  in  his  path;  and  when    they  fall  upon  the     sword,  they 
shall  not  be  wounded.     (9)  They  shall  run  to  and  fro   in  the  city;  they 
shall  run  upon  the  wall;  they  shall  climb  up  upon  the  houses;  they  shall 
enter  in  at  the  windows  like  a  thief.     (10)  The    earth     shall  quake  be- 
fore them;  the  heavens  shall  tremble;  the    sun  and  moon  shall  be  dark, 
and  the  stars  shall  withdraw   their  shining;     (11)  And  the   Lord   shall 
.:tter  his  voice  before  his  army;  for    his    camp  is    very    great:    for  he  is 
strong  that  executeth  his  word:  for  the  day  of  the  Lord  is  greatand  very  ter- 
rible; and  who  can  abide  it?     (12)  ^[  Therefore  also  now;  saith  the  Lord, 
Turn  ye  even  to  me  with  all  your  heart,  and  with  fasting,  and  with  wee- 
ping, and  with  mourning:     (13)  And  rend  your  heart,  and  not  your  gar- 
ments, and  turn  unto  the  Lord  your  God:  for  he  is  gracious   and  merci- 
ful; slow  to  anger,  and  of  great  kindness,  and  repenteth  him  of  the  ev- 
il.    (14)  Who  knoweth  if  he  will  return  and  repent,  and    leave  a  bles- 
sing behind  him;  even  a  meat-offering,    and  a  drink-offering,    unto  the 
Lord  your  God?     (15)  ^  Blow  the  trumpet  in  Zion,  sanctify  a  fast,  call 
a  solemn  assembly:      (16)  Gather  the  people,  sanctify  the  congregation, 
assemble  the  elders,  gather  the  children,  and  those  that  suck  the  breasts; 
let  the  bridegroom  go  forth  of  his  chamber,  and  the  bride  out  of  her  clo- 
set:    (17)  Let  the  priests,  the  ministers  of  the  Lord,  weep  between  the 
porch  and  the  altar,  and  let  them  say,    Spare    thy   people,  O  Lord,  and 
give  not  thine  heritage  to   reproach,  that  the    heathen  should    rule  over 
them:   wherefore  shouJd    they  say    among  the  people,    Where  is  their 
God?     (18)  J  Then  will  the  Lord  be  jealous  for  his  land,  and    pity  his 


people,  (19)  Yea,  the  Loud  will  answer,  and  say  unto  his  people,  He. 
hold,  I  will  send  you  corn,  and  wine,  and  oil,  and  ye  shall  be  satisfied 
therewith;  and  I  will  no  more  make  you  a  reproach  among  the  heathen; 

(20)  But  I  will  remove  far  off  from  you  the  northern  army,  and  will 
arive  him  into  a  land  barren  and  desolate,  with  his  face  toward  the  east 
sea,  and  his  hinder  part  toward  the  utmost  sea:  and  his  stink  shall  come 
up,  and  his  ill  savour  shall  come  up,  because  he  hath  done  great  things. 

(21)  If  Fear  not,  O  land;  be  glad  and  rejoice:  for  the  Lord  will  do  great 
things.  (22)  Be  not  afraid,  ye  beasts  of  the  field:  for  the  pastures  of 
the  wilderness  do  spring,  for  the  tree  beareth  her  fruit,  the  fig-tree  and 
the  vine  do  yield  their  strength.  (23)  Be  glad  then,  ye  children  of  Zi- 
on,  and  rejoice  in  the  Lord  your  God:  for  he  hath  given  you  the  former 
rain  moderately,  and  he  will  cause  to  come  down  the  latter  rain  in  the  first 
month.  (24)  And  the  floors  shall  be  full  of  wheat,  and  the  iats  shall 
overflow  with  wine  and  oil.  (27)  And  ye  shall  know  that  I  am  in  the 
midst  of  Israel,  and  that  1  am  the  Lord  your  God,  and  none  else:  and 
my  people  shall  not  be  ashamed. 


Soldiers  of  the  Rome  Light  Guards,  and  Miller  Rifles,  Vol- 
unteers for  the  active  service  of  the  Confederate  States  of  North 
America ! ! ! 

In  responding  to  your  request  to  address  you  on  this  occa- 
sion, and  in  thanking  you  for  the  compliment,  I  acknowledge 
myself  oppressed  with  a  responsibility,  strange,  peculiar, 
painful.  This  is  the  first  time,  in  a  ministry  of  twenty  years, 
that  I  have  been  called  to  address  men  whose  marching  or- 
ders are  onward  to  the  battle-field,  whose  motto  is  victory  or 
death.  The  probability,  nay,  the  bare  possibility,  that  I  may 
be  delivering  my  last  message  to  some,  perhaps  to  many  of 
you,  fills  my  heart  with  inexpressible  anguish.  I  feel  there- 
fore deeply  solicitous  to  meet  the  responsibilities  of  this  hour, 
in  a  manner  becoming  a  watchman  for  souls. 

I  have  therefore  earnestly  sought  divine  wisdom,  and  have 
endeavored  to  place  myself  in  your  position,  and  to  realize 
the  duties,  the  denials,  and  the  dangers  of  a  soldier. 

As  a  basis,  therefore,  for  profitable  meditation,  we  have  se- 

*  N.  B.  This  Discourse  having  been  prepared  in  answer  to  a  short 
notice,  I  have  added  appendixes  to  illustrate  certain  positions  which 
were  merely  stated  in  the  sermon.  J  *  *  *  *  . 


leoted  the  following  passages  from  1st  Samuel,  4th  chapter. 

9th  verse;  and  2nd  Chronicles,  20th  chapter,  15th  verse 
"Be  strong  and  quit  yourselves  like  men,  and  fiqht  "     "For 

the  battle  is  not  yours,  but  God's."  ' 

The  first  of  these  verses  was  used  as  a  battle-cry  by  the 
fhihstine  captains  to  their  soldiers,  ou  the  eve  of  an  eneaee 
ment  with  the  Israelites.  The  Israelites  had  made  the  ag- 
gression, and  had  been  defeated  in  a  battle.  Mortified  and 
exasperated,  they  determine  upon  another  battle  and  pre- 
suming success  from  the  presence  of  the  ark  of  God  they 
snatch  it  from  its  appropriate  place,  the  Tabernacle  in  the 
city  of  Sndoh,  and  bear  it  into  the  camp;  and  when  it  ar- 
rived, all  the  soldiers  shouted  the  ark  of  the  Lord '  And 
when  the  Philistines  heard  the  rejoicings  of  Israel,  they  trem- 
bled     But  their  leaders  encouraged  them  in  the  language  of 

a    ^      ?G  St,r°llg  and  quit  y°ul'sehes  like  men,  and  fight 
And  they  fought,  and  Israel  was  sorelv  defeated;  thirty  thou- 
sand were  slain;  and  the  ark  of  the  Lord  was  taken,  and  up- 

Ta  1  \°ry  ?'  JSrae1'  this  8ad  el)itaPh  wa«  written,  Icha- 
bod,  the  glory  is  departed.  Israel  had  sinned  in  transfer- 
ring the  ark  of  God  from  its  appropriate  place,  to  the  camp 
and  battle-field.  Israel  was  wrong,  and  God  therefore  gave 
a  signal  victory  to  the  Philistines.  And  these  facts  find  a 
parallel  in  our  history.  Our  opponents  claim  to  be  the  true 
Israel  of  God;  they  have  excited  the  war,  and  have  lost  the 
farst  battle;  and  as  Israel  sinned,  by  removing  the  ark  of 
God  from  its  rightful  place,  so  have  they  erred,  in  transfer- 
ring the  question  of  domestic  servitude,  a  purely  religious 

T%  T'ijI0Vh?  WOrd  of  God  int0  civil  coun«l«  and  the 
battle-field  And  they  regard  us  as  Philistines,  traitors,  reb- 
els; and  their  embattled  hosts  are  shouting:  "The  temple 
of  the  Lord  are  we,  and  the  ark  of  the  Lord  is  with  us '  — 
Let  us  not  be  dismayed,  let  us  answer,  by  adopting  as  our 
watchword  and  reply:  "Be  strong  and  quit  (acquit)  your- 
selves like  men,  for  the  battle  is  not  vours,  but  God's  " 
And  when  the  battle  is  over,  we  shall  see  to  whom  the  name 
of  Ichabod  will  be  applied. 

In  advancing  to  a  closer  consideration  of  our  text  three 
questions  are  suggested  to  the  man  who  is  bound  for  the 
war  *irst,  does  he  realize  what  he  is  doing?  Has  he 
counted  the  cost?_the  great   bodily  exposure.?  to  burning 


suns  and  drenching  dews,  to  summer  s  heat  and  winter's  cold  ? 
The  surrender  of  ease,  comfort,  and  home,  sweet  home  ?  The 
sacrifice  of  interest  and  business;  and  the  jeopardizing,  per- 
haps the  loss  of  life,  perhaps  of  soul  ?  Has  he  said  to  him- 
self, I  shall  soon  appropriate  the  words  of  David  to  Jon- 
athan, "there  is  but  a  step  between  me  and  death"?  A  sec- 
ond question  asks,  wThy  these  sacrifices?  Are  the  causes  ad- 
equate, do  the  reasons  justify?  Am  I  about  to  peril  com- 
fort, interest,  and  life,  without  a  proper  reason  ?  Have  I  ta- 
ken my  place  in  the  ranks,  from  a  momentary  impulse,  or 
with  reference  to  some  ultimate  self-aggrandizement?  Let 
every  soldier  scrutinize  his  motives  and  ends !  He  is  a  reck- 
less man  who  goes  to  war,  and  cannot  give  the  reason  why. 
As  a  third  question,  let  each  soldier  ask,  am  I  prepared  for 
these  sacrifices?  am  I  prepared  with  a  sound  body,  a  brave 
heart,  and  a  willing  mind  ?  Am  I  ready  to  endure  hard- 
ness as  a  good  soldier?  and  above  all,  am  I  prepared  for  those 
solemn  alternatives,  death  and  judgment?  It  is  appointed 
unto  men  once  to  die,  and  after  death,  the  judgment.  Said 
the  Pilgrim,  I  find  from  the  book  in  my  hand,  that  I  am  to 
die,  and  then  to  go  to  judgment;  and  I  am  unwilling  to  do 
the  first,  and  unprepared  for  the  second.  Soldiers,  how  do 
you  stand  on  this  subject  ? 

In  order  that  we  may  fully  answer  the  questions  propoun- 
ded, let  us  carefully  consider  the  words  of  the  text.  Be 
strong  and  quit  yourselves  like  men;  for  the  battle  is  not 
yours,  but  God's.  First:  Be  strong  in  body;  you  live  and 
move  in  houses  of  clay !  guard  them  with  diligent  care.  You 
will  need  all  the  health  and  strength  you  can  command,  for 
the  fatigues  and  exposures  of  the  campaign.  Be  temperate 
in  all  things — religiously  avoid  the  use  of  ardent  spirits — 
let  them  be  numbered  among  the  medicines  of  your  physi- 
cian. Cultivate  an  habitual  calmness  and  self-possession. 
Beware  of  overheated  excitements,  and  sudden  checks  of 
perspiration.  Perform  all  your  duties  cheerfully  and  prompt- 
ly, remembering  that  obedience  is  a  soldier's  first  law.  Do 
not  unnecessarily  expose  yourselves;  secure  needful  sleep, 
which  is  essential  to  health  and  vigor.  Remember  that  the 
majority  of  soldiers  who  die  in  a  campaign,  are  the  victims 
of  imprudence,  disease,  or  climate.  Napoleon's  grand  army, 
of  three  hundred  to  four  hundred  thousand   stronjr,  which 


lr> 


invaded  Russia  in  1812,  returned  a  fugitive  remnant  of  thir- 
ty thousand.  They  were  conquered  by  the  deadly  cold  of 
a.  Russian  winter.  Disease  and  climate  were  the  worst  ene- 
mies encountered  by  our  soldiers,  in  the  late  Mexican  war 
of  1846  and  1847.  In  one  word,  soldiers,  take  care  of  your 
health;  take  with  you  Hall's*  Rules  of  Health  for  Soldiers. 
Be  strong  in  body ! 

Secondly:  Be  strong  in  your  cause.  Be  strong  in  under- 
standing the  cause  you  espouse ;  secure  an  intelligent  com- 
prehension of  the  wrongs  and  reasons  which  have  involved 
us  in  war,  and  the  rights  for  which  you  are  contending.  Un- 
derstand your  cause,  and  realize  that  it  is  a  righteous  one. 
"Thrice  armed  is  he  that  hath  his  quarrel  just." 

Allow  me  to  aid  you  with  a  brief  summary  of  the  reasons 
which  have  aroused  the  South  to  warlike  action.  The  South 
is  threatened  by  the  North  with  a  violent  and  brutal  coer- 
cion, because  she  has  demanded  a  peaceable  secession, 
a  quiet  withdrawal  from  a  Union  which  has  failed  to  protect 
the  interests  of  the  South.  This  is  the  language  of  the 
North,  as  copied  from  one  of  their  journals,  the  PhMcudebpfria 
Sunday  Transcript,  of  21st  of  April,  1861 :  "CRUSH  THE 
TRAITORS.— The  time  has  come  to  end  all  this.  The  slave- 
holding  states  must  1><  fnught  a  lesson  that  will  never  he  forgot- 
ton — a  lesson  of  fire  and  blood.  Their  thr< -u -/*,  bluster,  arro- 
gance,  and  outrages,  must  be  fore; ■,<  ierminatrd  Tiny  must 
be  made  to  feel  that  llu  y  cannot,  <nul  d<tr<  not,  arrest  and  as- 
sault our  Union,  and  our  F lag.  The//  are  as  weak  as  they 
are  insolent.  The  gigantic  strength,  the  superior  civilization, 
and  the  boundless  resources  of  the  free  states,  an  able  to  carry 
desolation  from  the  Potomac  to  the  Bio  Grande.  The  whole 
North,  from  Meiine  to  Cedifomia.  although  usually  slow  to 
wrath,  patient  and  forbeeiring,  is  at  last  fearlessly  aroused. — 
The  descendents  of  the  heroes  of  Bunker  Hill,  Saratoga,  Bran- 
dywine,  Tippecanoe,  and  Chippewa,  ewe  flying  to  arms.  Pres- 
ently the  contineut  irill  rc-auud  under  the  stern  and  steady 
tramp  of  unprecedented  myriads  of  the  free  medianics  and  la- 
borers of  the  North.  Let  tltem  plant  the  stars,  stripes,  and  ea- 
gles of  an  indissoluble  Republic,  on  ilie  steeples  of  Richmond, 
Ohafdesto;i9  and New  Orleans.     Let  the  tree  'be  star- 


*See  these  Rules  in  Appendix  A, 


out  by  blockade,  and  [liven  to  the  swords  and  bayonets  of  stal- 
wart freemen.  No  matter  at  what  cost  of  treasure,  blood,  and 
suffering*  the  slave-holding  states  must  be  scourged  into  decency, 
good  behavior,  and  subjection. 

The  cannon  is  now  the  sacred  instrument  of  Wisdom,  Jus- 
tice, and  Liberty.  The  Union  heretofore  has  been  a  smiling  an- 
gel of  benignity;  now  it  must  be  an  angel  of  death,  scattering 
terror  and  destruction  among  its  enemies.  If  necessary,  myr- 
iads of  Southern  lives  must  be  taken,  Southern  bodies  given  to 
the  buzzards,  /Southern  fields  consigned  to  sterility,  Southern 
towns  surrendered  to  the  /tames.  Our  flag  mast  wave  in  tri- 
umph, though  it  float  over  seared  and  blackened  expanses,  ov- 
er the  ruins  of  razed  cities.  Our  Union  must  be  maintained* 
and  our  constitution  must  be  respected,  and  the  supremacy  of 
Federal  law  vindicated,  if  it  requires  armies  of  millions  of 
men.  Let  no  true  man  shrink  or  flinch.  All  duties,  all  occa- 
sions, must  be  postponed,  until  the  cannon  and  the  musket  have 
restored  decency  to  the  South,  and  peace  and  order  to  our  coun- 

Surely  we  may  exclaim,  in  the  expressive  language  of 
Scripture,  all  the  men  of  thy  confederacy  have  brought  thee 
even  to  the  border;  the  men  that  were  at  peace  with  thee 
have  deceived  thee;  they  that  ate  thy  bread  have  laid  a 
wound  under  thee. — Obadiah,  5th.  But  why  these  bitter  ut- 
terances, this  treasuring  of  wrath,  this  fellowship  of  iniquity, 
this  framing  of  mischief  by  law? f  Because  the  South  has 
seceded?  And  why  did  she  secede?  Because,  first,  of  the 
vast  and  increasing  hostility  of  the  North  to  the  peculiar  in- 
stitution of  the  South. 

Because,  secondly,  this  hostility  has  been  thoroughly  or- 
ganized. It  began  to  organize  in  1835,  in  the  form  of  aboli- 
tion societies  and  petitions  to  Congress.  It  has  grown  into 
regular  shape,  embodying  itself  with  state  authorities,  and 
legal  enactments,  until  eleven  states  have  passed  personal 
liberty  bills,  in  direct  violation  of  the  constitution  of  the 
United  States. 

Thirdly,  we  have  seceded  because  Northern  opposition  to 
slavery  has  greatly  damaged  the  South.  First,  by  inflamma- 
tory pictures,  tracts,  and  secret  agents,  they  have  disturbed 

f  Sg$  Appendix  B. 


the  peaceful  relation  of  master  and  servant.  Secondly,  by 
a  regular  system  of  enticement  and  concealment,  known  as 
the  Underground  Railroad,  they  have  defrauded  us  of  millons 
of  valuable  property.  Dr.  R.J.  Breckenridge.  who  is  equal- 
ly opposed  to  secession  and  abolition,  says  that,  according  to 
the  statements  of  the  Northern  man-stealers,  ten  thousand 
servants,  estimated  at  ten  millions  of  dollars,  are  annually 
abstracted  from  the  South.  According  to  this  .statement,  one 
hundred  millions  of  dollars  would  not  indemnify  the  losses 
of  the  South. 

Fourthly,  we  have  seceded,  because  Northern  hostility, 
Mushed  with  success,  has  overleaped  state  lines,  and  grasped 
the  General  Government,  with  the  avowed  intention  of  ulti- 
mately abolishing  the  peculiar  institution  of  the  South. 

This  policy  was  clearly  foreshadowed  in  the  Chicago  Plat- 
form, in  the  election  of  Lincoln,  in  his  undisguised "opposi- 
tion to  slavery,  in  his  denial  of  the  authority  of  the  Sup- 
reme Court  of  the  United  Ssates,  by  his  rejection  of  the  Dred 
Scott  decision.  In  the  determination  of  the  Black  Republi- 
cans to  remodel  or  enlarge,  according  to  their  views,  the  Su- 
preme Court,  and  to  exclude  slavery  from  the  Territories  by 
Congressional  logislation.  All  of  these  measures  are  intend- 
ed to  limit  the  territorial  expansion  of  slavery,  to  surround 
it  with  a  cordon  of  free  states,  to  so  hedge  it 'within  certain 
prescribed  bounds,  that  its  rapid  natural  increase  will  over- 
burden and  crush  itself,  and,  like  the  scorpion  engirt  with 
fire,  it  will  sting  itself  to  death.  But  the  working  of 
this  policy  has  become  too  slow  for  the  telegraphic  anger 
of  our  enemies,  and  they  have  therefore  announced,  as  one 
of  their  conditions  for  granting  peace  to  the  South,  that  we 
shall  "immediately  and   unconditionally  abolish  slavery/' 

Soldiers,  be  strong  in  your  cause,  understand  and  know 
for  what  you  are  to  contend.  Not  only  honor  but  interest 
is  at  stake.  The  political  and  social  and  pecuniary  life  of 
the  South,  is  suspended  on  the  continuance  of  the  peculiar 
Institution.  Abolish  it,  and  in  20  years,  our  history  may 
be  the  record  of  Jamaica  and  St.  Domingo. 
^  We  have  seceded,  because,  in  the  5th  place,  the  constitu- 
tion, the  great  national  compact,  was  violated,  and  had  be- 
come a  rope  of  sand. J 

I  See  Appendix  C. 


10 

Sixth,  in  seceding,  we  demand  no  novel  right.  It  was 
was  claimed  50  years  ago  by  all  of  New  England,  in  the 
Hartford  convention;  and  conceded  as  a  right  70  years  ago, 
to  three  of  the  original  thirteen  States,  on  their  adoption  of 
the  Federal  constitution^  The  right  of  secession,  which  is 
that  of  peaceable  Revolution,  is  clearly  deducible  from  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,! |  and  has  been  taught  and  ad- 
mitted by  some  of  our  first  statesmen,  and  truest  patriots 
North  and  South. ]f 

Finally,  we  have  seceded,  because  the  southern  view  of 
slavery  is  derived  from  the  unerring  word  of  God.  The 
curse  of  Noah  pronounced  on  his  son,  was  only  a  judicial 
decree  of  the  Most  High,  consigning  the  descendents  of  Ham 
to  perpetual  bondage.  And  even  in  their  own  land,  this 
curse  follows  them,  for  out  of  fifty  millions  in  Africa,  we  are 
told  that  forty-three  millions  are  bond  servants. 

The  ten  commandments  written  by  the  finger  of  God  on 
tables  of  stone,  and  intended  for  all  men  in  all  coming  time, 
do  repeatedly  acknowledge,  and  sustain  the  relation  of  mas- 
ter ana*  servant.  Mark  the  4th  and  10th  commandments. 
Abranam  the  Father  of  the  faithful,  the  head  of  the  church, 
had  three  hundred  and  eighteen  servants  born  in  his  house. 
God  said  to  His  ancient  people,  your  man-servants  and  maid- 
servants, ye  shall  buy  of  the  heathen  which  are  round 
about  you,  and  they  shall  be  an  inheritance  for  your  chil- 
dren forever. — Levit,  25,  44-46. 

The  relation  of  master  and  servant  is  repeatedly  ac- 
knowledged, and  taught  in  the  New  Testament.  Paul  was 
an  observer  of  the  fugitive  slave  law,  for  he  sent  the  runa- 
way Onesimus,  back  to  his  master  Philemon.  And  to  Tim- 
othy, Paul  says  in  his  ordination  charge,  1st  Timothy,  6, 
1-5 :  "  Let  as  many  servants  as  are  under  the  yoke,  count 
their  own  masters  worthy  of  all  honour,  that  the  name  of 
God  be  not  blasphemed,  and  they  that  have  believing  mas- 
ters, let  them  not  despise  them,  because  they  are  brethren, 
but  rather  do  them  service,  because  they  are  faithful  and 
beloved,  partakers  of  the  benefit.  These  things  teach  and 
exhort.  If  any  man  teach  otherwise,  and  consent  not  to 
wholesome  words,  even  the  words  of  ovr  Lord  Jcsius  Christ ! 


§  See  Appendix  D.     ||  See  Appendix  E.     |  See  Appendix  F, 


11 


a  £  W     <-'  kll°wing ,nothin&  b"t  doting  about  questions 
and  strifes  of  words,  whereof  cometh  envy,  strife,  railing 
evil   sunmsings,   perverse   disputings   of   men   of    corrupt 
minds,    and   destitute   of  the  truth,  supposing  that  gain  is 
godliness  :   from  such  withdraw  thyself."     Is  not  this  a  most 
perfect  picture  of  the  Abolitionists  ?     Surely  the  abolition 
pestilence  made  some  showing  in  Paul's  day,  or  his  words 
are  prophetical  of   their  existence  in  our  day.     What  does 
Paul  advise  ?     Secession  unquestionably !     From  such,  with- 
draw, in  the  original,   separate   thyself,   which  is  to  secede 
train.     But  suppose  they  oppose  your  peaceable  withdrawal  ? 
1  hen  forcibly  secede !     The  Bible  says  resist  the  Devil  and 
he  will  flee  from  you.     Be  strong!  quit  yourselves  like  men, 
and  fight !     Abolitionism  is  pure  infidelity,  it  is  the  child  of 
the  itevil.     It  is  a  vast  insurrection    against  God  and  man 
it  was  well  expressed  in   a  recent  Congress,  by  one  of  the 
rMorthern  members  in  these  words :     "I  desire  an  anti-slave- 
ry constitution,  an  anti-slavery  Government,  an  anti-slaverv 
Bible,  an  anti-slavery  God."  J 

Soldiers,  you  are  struggling  for  the  Book  of  Books.  It  is  a 
war  of  principles  as  well  as  a  war  of  peoples.  The  Bible  a- 
gainst  falsehood  God  against  the  infidel.  The  present  rei^n 
of  terror  at  the  iNorth,  reminds  one  of  the  French  revolution 

You  are  engaged  in  a  holy  war!  If  the  rescue  of  the  ho- 
ly sepulcre  from  the  infidel  Moslem,  induced  tbree  millions 
ot  men  to  lay  their  bones  in  the  East,  shall  we  not  willing- 
ly contend  to  snatch  the  word  of  God  from  the  modern  infi- 
del who  is  ready  to  trample  it  under  foot,  when  not  accord- 
ing to  his  furious  principles? 

Soldiers  be  strong  in  your  cause,  and  realize  that  honor 
and  interest,  patriotism  and  piety,  loved,  loving,  and  depen- 
dent ones,  your  existence,  and  the  prosperity  of  true  relidon 
mid  the  authority  of  God's  word,  all  are  committed  to  your 
keeping.  If  Providence  favors  our  cause,  bright  and  glorious 
days  are  m  reserve  for  us,  and  especially  for  our  children.  The 
South  W1n  aWake  from  h      long  gleep  rf  d       ldence  on  ft 

Moith :  she  will  begin  to  think  and  act  for  herself.  A  thou- 
sand occupations,  and  sources  of  affluence,  will  open  their 
doors  to  our  sons.  They  know  nothing  of  the  wide,  wide 
sea,  as  a  fountain  of  wealth.     The  North  has  grown  rich  in 


IS 

buying  and  carrying,  and  manufacturing  our  raw  materials-,, 
and  selling  them  back  to  us. 

The  commercial  marine  of  the  North  is  equal  to  that  of 
any  nation  on  earth,  and  hence  her  merchant  princes.  It  is 
high  time  to  compete  with  her,  to  forsake  our  lazy  dignities, 
and  call  forth  our  buried  talents.  But  we  shall  never  do 
this  until  we  have  a  separate  national  existence,  and  cease 
to  depend  on  Northern  manufacturers,  Northern  factors,  and 
Northern  commerce. 

And  in  the  third  and  last  place :  Be  strong  in  faith,  faith 
in  the  Lord,  for  the  battle  is  not  yours,  but  God's.  The  race 
is  not  to  the  swift,  nor  the  battle  to  the  strong.  Jeremiah 
1st,  14th,  19  th  verses:  "Then  the  Lord  said  unto  me,  out  of 
the  North  an  evil  shall  break  forth  upon  the  inhabitants  of 
the  land,  and  they  shall  fight  against  thee,  but  they  shall 
not  prevail  against  thee;  for  I  am  with  thee,  saith  the  Lord, 
to  deliver  thee."  Joel  2,  20:  "I  will  remove  far  from  thee 
the  Northern  army."  2  Chron.  20,  15th:  "Thus  saith  the 
Lord,  be  not  afraid,  nor  dismayed  by  reason  of  this  great 
multitude,  for  the  battle  is  not  yours,  but  God's." 

These  promises  we  may  appropriate,   if  ours  is  a  right- 
eous cause.    This  we  have  endeavored  to  establish,  and  this 
we  honestly  believe.     Let   us  therefore  have  faith  in  our 
Heavenly  Father,   because  He   is    a   righteous  Father,  and 
a  just  Judge.     The  Judge  of  all  the  earth  will  do  right.     A 
righteous  God  is  consistent   with  Himself;    His  word  and 
Providence  will  not  conflict.     We  have  shown  that  we  have 
the  approbation  of  His  word;  and,  without  presumption,  we 
may  hope  for  His  sustaining  Providence.     Have  faith  in  God, 
His  omnicience,  that  He  may  watch  over  you  with  His  sleep- 
less eye,  and  guide  you  with  His  unerring  wisdom.     Have 
faith  in  His  omnipotence,  that  He  may  shield  your  head  in 
the  day  of  battle,  and  grant  you  victory.     He  can  make  one 
chase  a  thousand,  and  two  put  ten  thousand  to  flight. 

Have  faith  in  God,  for  without  faith  it  is  impossible  to 
please  Him :  and  if  He  be  not  pleased  with  you,  you  shall 
be  utterly  overcome  in  the  conflict.  The  battle  is  the  Lord's,, 
not  yours.  His  favor  is  life,  and  His  loving-kindness  better 
than  life.  Settle  it  now  and  forever,  that  God's  favor  is  in- 
dispensable to  your  successful  triumph  over  the  enemy.     Do 


13 

not  forfeit  His  blessing,  for  He  withdraws  from  His  own  peo- 
ple, when  they  sin  against  Him. 

Have  faith  in  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  because  faith  unites 
us  to  the  Son,  and  the  Son  unites  us  to  the  Father,  and  we 
become  joint-heirs  of  the  Father,  through  our  elder  Brother. 
Carry  personal  religion  into  the  camp  and  the  battle.  '-It 
hath  been  well  said,  that  no  soldier  is  so  undaunted  as  the 
pious  man,  no  army  so  formidable  as  those  who  are  superior 
to  the  fear  of  death."  "There  can  be  no  courage  like  that 
which  springs  from  religious  conviction,  and  is  sustained  by 
a  religious  hope."  "The  christian  hero  is  doubly  armed.  His 
courage  is  not  that  of  passion  or  the  drill,  but  of  principle." 
Men  may  school  themselves  to  face  the  mere  article  of  death, 
with  coolness.  But  it  is  not  all  of  death  to  die;  there  is  a 
second  death  that  kills  beyond  the  grave :  it  is  the  judgment. 
And  only  faith  in  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  can  remove  the  ter- 
rors of  the  judgment.  The  bravest  man  therefore  is  the  tru- 
lv  pious  man,  and  an  army  of  pious  men  would  be  invinci- 
ble. 

This  was  true  of  Cromwell's  army,  and  remarkably  true 
of  that  wonderful  regiment  led  by  himself,  and  known  as 
the  Ironsides.  They  were  never  defeated!  These  men, 
wTith  their  leader,  carried  their  bibles  into  their  camps,  and 
studied  them  as  they  did  their  maps  and  charts.  Their  bat- 
tle-cry often  was  a  word  or  verse  of  scripture.  At  the  bat- 
tle of  Naseby.  it  was :  "God  is  with  us."  At  the  battle  of 
Dunbar:  "The  Lord  of  Hosts,  the  Lord  of  Hosts!"  And  at 
that  battle,  12000  of  Cromwell's  army  defeated  the  Scotch 
army  of  23000. 

Cromwell's  men  were  remarkable  for  their  obedience.  In 
the  hottest  pursuit,  they  halted  and  rallied  at  the  call  of 
their  leader.  In  the  midst  of  the  battle  of  Dunbar,  when 
the  enemy  were  flying,  Cromwell  called  off  his  Ironsides, 
and  they  united  in  singing  the  117th  Psalm;  and  their  thun- 
der tones  rolled  up  to  the  heavens,  above  the  din  of  war- — 
And  then  the}'  dashed  upon  their  foes,  sweeping  them  like 
chaff  before  the  whirl-wind. 

Be  strong,  therefore,  and  quit  yourselves  like  men,  for  the 
battle  is  not  yours,  but  God's!  Be  strong  1st,  in  body,  2dly, 
in  your  cause.  3dly:  Be  strong  in  faith.  Be  strong  in  God 
vour  Saviour. 


14 

FINALLY:' 

Soldiers!  do  your  duty  to  your  country,  yourselves,  and  your 
God. 

On  the-  eve  of  a  great  battle,  Lord  Nelson  said  to  his  men, 
"England  expects  every  man  to  do  Ms  duty!'  Nelson  fell,  but 
victory  crowned  his  icords. 

Once,  when  the  Rev.  George  Whitefield  was  'preaching,  a  mob 
threatened  to  drive  him  from  the  stand.  For  a  moment  he 
seemed  intimidated.  His  courageous  wife  perceived  it,  and  she 
ran  up,  and  seizing  him  by  the  skirt  of  his  coat,  said,  "  George, 
you  must  play  the  man!"  He  gave  heed  to  her  words,  and  the 
mob  retired. 

Your  motlwrs,  sisters,  and  wives  endorse  these  words:  there- 
fore  do  your  duty  to  your  country,  and  play  the  man. 

But  you  must  not  forget  yourselves  and  your  God!  Take 
your  bibles  with  you,  and  be  men  of  prayer! !  Bannish  the 
oath,  the  obscene  jest,  the  ribald  song,  the  gaming  table,  the  so- 
cial glass,  and  the  private  flask. 

Fortify  yourselvss  with  God's  word,  and  thus  meet  every 
temptation  and  trial.  Remember  the  text,  and  be  strong ! 
Take  another  scripture :  "Be  of  good  courage,  and  let  us  play 
the  men  for  our  people,  and  for  the  cities  of  our  God:  and  the  Lord 
do  that  ivhich  seemeth  Him-  good."  And  another :  "Pride  goeth 
before  a  fall,  and  a  haughty  spirit  before  destruction"  And 
another :  "  The  Lord  is  with  you,  while  ye  be  ivith  Him;  if  ye 
seek  Him,  He  ivill  be  found,  of  you,  but  if  ye  forsake  Him,  He 
wilt  forsake  you." 

Cromwell's  world-renowned  injunction,  trust  in  the  Lord 
and  keep  the  powder  dry,  was  a  liberal  paraphrase  of  the 
Psalmist's  words,  trust  in  the  Lord,  and  do  good.  It  was 
faith  and  works.  You  must  believe,  pray,  fight!  Fight  you 
must,  you  cannot  avoid  it;  but  fight  religiously,  not  malicious- 
ly. Pour  down  your  amunition,  wad  with  a  scripture,  and 
fire  with  a  prayer!  Be  merciful  to  every  cry  for  quarter, 
and  never  rush  upon  a  fallen  foe! 

Officers!  unite  kindness  with  firmness.  Rule  diligently, 
prudently,  humanely.  Be  constantly  mindful  of  the  com- 
forts, the  health,  and  morals  of  your  men. 

Men!  be  obedient  to  your  officers,  and  frown  down  insub- 
ordination. You  will  be  led  by  gallant  officers,  from  the 
peerless  Jefferson  Davis,  to  the  lowest  subaltern.     Christian 


15 

Soldiers!  honor  the  Captain  of  your  salvation!  Show  your 
colors,  and  inscribe  on  them  the  words,  "Jehovah  Nissi"  the 
Lord  our  Ensign!  Let  your  light  shine  in  your  tents,  around 
your  camp-fires,  and  on  the  field  of  action!  Never  forget 
that  you  have  named  the  name  of  Christ!  But  some  of  you, 
my  friends,  are  not  soldiers  of  Christ:  you  have  no  hope  in 
Jesus!  and  you  are  marching  to  death!  Oh!  Prepare  to  meet 
God!  Begin  to-day,  "  'tis  madness  to  defer!"  Begin  by  pray- 
er, and  a  forsaking  of  your  sins!  In  the  day  of  battle  who 
will  cover  your  defenceless  head?  In  the  hour  of  death,  who 
will  shelter  your  defenceless  soul?  Seek  the  Lord  whilst  He 
may  be  found :  let  your  ceaseless  prayer  be  that  of  the  Pub- 
lican, "God  be  merciful  to  me  a  sinner." 

Some  of  you  are  our  sons,  our  first-born.  We  have  most 
painfully,  yet  dutifully,  laid  you  on  the  altar  of  our  country. 
We  have  endeavored  not  to  stagger  at  the  call  of  God:  Oh! 
may  he  accept  our  faith,  and  spare  the  offering!!  But  you 
may  never  return!  And  should  you  fall  in  battle,  without 
a  hope  in  Christ,  then  shall  there  be  heard  in  our  land,  a  voice 
of  weeping,  and  great  mourning,  mothers  weeping  for  their 
sons,  and  refusing  to  be  comforted,  because  they  are  lost : 
and  fathers  will  take  up  the  lamentation  of  David,  "0!  my 
son  Absalom!  my  son,  my  son,  Absalom !  would  God  I  had 
died  for  thee,  0!  Absalom,  my  son,  my  son!" 

0!  soldiers,  brothers,  sons!  spare  us  such  untold  agonies, 
such  life-long  sorrow,  by  seeking  first,  now,  the  kingdom  of 
God. 

Farewell!  God  be  your  shield  by  day  and  night;  and  if 
it  be  possible,  grant  to  you  all,  a  safe  and  honorable  return, 
to  loving  hearts  and  happy  homes. ! ! 


A.X*rEJKTX>XX13E3JS, 


APPENDIX  A. 

The  following  article,  on  "Soldiers'  Health,"  is  from  Hall's  Journal 
of  Health.  It  contains  much  valuable  information  for  both  soldiers 
and  civilians : 

1.  In  an  ordinary  campaign,  sickness  disables  or  destroys  three  time? 
as  many  as  the  sword. 

2.  On  march,  from  April  to  November,  the  entire  clothing  should  be 
a  colored  flannel  shirt,  with  a  loosely  buttoned  collar,  cotton  drawers, 
woolen  pantaloons,  shoes  and  stockings,  and  a  light-colored  felt  hat, 
with  broad  brim,  to  protect  the  eyes  and  face  from  the  g-lare  of  the  sun 
and  from  the  rain,  and  a  substantial,  but  not  heavy  coat,  when  on  duty. 

3.  Sun-stroke  is  most  effectually  prevented  by  wearing  a  silk  hand- 
kerchief in  the  crown  of  the  hat. 

4.  Colored  blankets  are  best  ;  and  if  lined  with  brown  drilling,  the 
warmth  and  durability  are  doubled,  while  the  protection  against  damp- 
ness from  lying  on  the  ground  is  almost  complete. 

5.  Never  lie  or  sit  down  on  the  grass  or  bare  earth  for  a  moment; 
rather  use  your  hat — a  handkerchief,  even,  is  a  great  protection.  The 
warmer  you  are,  the  greater  need  of  this  protection,  as  a  damp  vapor  is 
immediately  generated  to  be  absorbed  by  the  clothing,  and  to  cool  you 
off  too  rapidly. 

6.  While  marching,  or  on  other  active  duty,  the  more  thirsty  you  are, 
the  more  essential  is  it  to  safety  of  life  itself,  to  rinse  out  the  mouth 
two  or  three  times,  and  then  take  a  swallow  of  water  at  a  time,  with  short 
intervals.  A  brave  French  General,  on  a  forced  march,  fell  dead  on 
the  instant,  by  drinking  largely  of  cold  water,  when  snow  was  on  the 
ground. 

7.  Abundant  sleep  is  necessary  to  bodily  efficiency,  and  to  that  al- 
ertness of  mind  which  is  all-important  in  the  engagement;  and  few 
things  more  effectually  prevent  sound  sleep  than  eating  heartily  after 
sundown,  especially  after  a  heavy  march  or  desperate  battle. 

8.  Nothing  is  more  certain  to  secure  endurance  and  capability  of 
long  continued  effort  than  the  avoidance  of  everything  as  a  drink  ex- 
cept cold  water,  not  excluding  coffee  at  breakfast.  Drink  as  little  as 
possible,  of  even  cold  water. 

9.  After  any  sort  of  exhausting  effort,  a  cup  of  coffee,  hot  or  cold,  is 
an  admirable  sustainer  of  the  strength,  until  nature  begins  to  recover 
herself. 

10.  Never  eat  heartily  just  before  a  great  undertaking;  because  the 
nervous  power  is  irresistibly  drawn  to  the  stomach  to  manage  the  food 
eaten,  thus  drawing  off  that  supply  which  the  brain  and  muscle  so 
much  need. 

11.  If  persons  will  drink  brandy,  it  is  incomparably  safer  to  do  so 


17 

after  an  effort  than  before  ;  for  it  can  give  only  a  transient  strength, 
lasting  but  a  few  minutes  ;  but  as  it  can  never  be  known  how  long  any 
given  effort  is  to  be  kept  in  continuance,  and  if  longer  than  the  few 
minutes,  the  body  becomes  more  feeble  than  it  would  have  been  with- 
out the  stimulus,  it  is  clear  that  its  use  before  an  effort  is  always  hazar- 
dous, and  is  always  unwise. 

12.  Never  go  to  sleep,  especially  after  a  great  effort,  even  in  hot 
weather,  without  some  covering  over  you. 

13.  Under  all  circumstances,  rather  than  lie  down  on  the  bare  ground, 
lie  in  the  hollow  of  two  logs  placed  together,  or  across  several  smaller 
pieces  of  wood,  laid  side  by  side  ;  or  sit  on  your  hat,  leaning  against  a 
tree.  A  nap  of  ten  or  fifteen  minutes  in  that  position  will  refresh  you 
more  than  an  hour  on  the  bare  earth,  with  the  additional  advantage  of 
perfect  safety. 

14.  A  cut  is  less  dangerous  than  a  bullet  wound,  and  heals  more  rap- 
idly. 

15.  If  from  any  wound  the  blood  spirts  out  in  jets,  instead  of  a  steady 
stream,  you  will  die  in  a  few  minutes,  unless  it  is  remedied  ;  because 
an  artery  has  been  divided,  and  that  takes  the  blood  direct  from  the 
fountain  of  life.  To  stop  this  instantly,  tie  a  handkerchief  or  other 
cloth  very  loosely  between  the  wound  and  heart ;  put  a  stick,  bayonet, 
or  ramrod  between  the  skin  and  the  handkerchief,  and  keep  it  thus  un- 
til the  surgeon  arrives. 

16.  If  the  blood  flows  in  a  slow,  regular  stream,  a  vein  has  been 
pierced,  and  the  handkerchief  must  be  on  the  other  side  of  the  wound 
from  the  heart — that  is,  beloiv  the  wound. 

17.  A  bullet  through  the  abdomen  (belly  or  stomach)  is  more  fatal 
than  if  aimed  at  the  head  or  heart ;  for  in  the  latter  cases  the  ball  is  of- 
ten glanced  off  by  the  bone,  or  follows  round  it  under  the  skin;  but 
when  it  enters  the  stomach  or  bowels,  from  any  direction,  death  is  in- 
evitable under  all  circumstances,  but  is  scarcely  ever  instantaneous. - 
Generally  the  person  lives  a  day  or  two  with  perfect  clearness  of  intel- 
lect, often  not   suffering  greatly. 

18.  Let  the  whole  beard  grow,  but  no  longer  than  three  inches.  This 
strengthens  and  thickens  its  growth,  and  thus  makes  a  more  pefect  pro- 
tection for  the  lungs  against  dust,  and  of  the  throat  against  winds  and 
cold  in  winter,  while  in  the  summer  a  greater  perspiration  of  the  skin 
is  induced,  with  an  increase  of  evaporation  ;  hence,  greater  coolness  of 
the  parts  on  the  outside,  while  the  throat  is  less  feverish,  thirsty  and 
dry. 

19.  Avoid  fats  and  fat  meat  in  summer  and  all  warm  days. 

20.  Whenever  possible,  take  a  plunge  into  any  lake  or  running  stream 
every  morning  as  soon  as  you  get  up.  If  none  is  at  hand,  endeavor  to 
wash  the  body  all  over  as  soon  as  you  leave  your  bed,  for  cleanliness 
acts  like  a  charm  against  ail  diseases,  always  either  warding  them  off 
altogether,  or  greatly  mitigating  their  severity  and  shortening  their  du- 
ration. 

21.  Keep  the  hair  of  the  head  closely  cut,  say  within  one  inch  and  a 
half  of  the  scalp  in  every  part,  repeated  on  the  first  of  each  month,  and 
wasli  the  whole  scalp  plentifully  in  cold  water  every  morning. 


18 

22.  Wear  woolen  stockings  and  moderately  loose  shoes,  keeping  the 
toe  and  finger  naiJs  cut  close. 

23.  It  is  more  important  to  wash  the  feet  well  every  night  than  to 
wash  the  face  and  hands  of  mornings,  because  it  aids  in  keeping  the 
skin  and  nails  soft,  and  to  prevent  chafings,  blisters  and  corns,  all  of 
which  greatly  interfere  with  a  soldier's  duty. 

24.  The  most  universally  safe  position,  after  all  stunnings,  hurts  and 
wounds,  is  that  of  being  placed  on  the  back,  the  head  being  elevated 
three  or  four  inches  only,  aiding  more  than  any  one  thing  else  can  do 
to  equalize  and  restore  the  proper  circulation  of  the  blood. 

25.  The  more  weary  you  are  after  a  march  or  other  work,  the  more 
easily  you  will  take  cold,  if  you  remain  still  after  it  is  over,  unless,  the 
moment  you  cease  motion,  you  throw  a  cloak  or  blanket  over  your 
shoulders.  This  precaution  should  be  taken  in  the  warmest  weather, 
especially  if  there  is  even  a  slight  air  stirring. 

26.  The  greatest  physical  kindness  you  can  show  a  severely  wounded 
comrade,  is  first  to  place  him  on  his  back,  and  then  run  with  all  your 
might  for  some  water  to  drink.  Not  a  second  ought  to  be  lost.  If  no 
vessel  is  at  hand  take  your  hat  ;  if  no  hat,  off  with  your  shirt ;  wring 
it  out  at  once,  tie  the  arms  in  a  knot,  as  also  the  lower  end,  thus  making 
a  bag,  open  at  the  neck  only.  A  fleet  person  can  convey  a  bucketfull 
half  a  mile  in  this  way.  I've  seen  a  dying  man  clutch  at  a  single  drop 
of  water  from  the  fingers'  end,  with  the  voraciousness  of  a  famished 
tiger. 

27.  If  wet  to  the  skin  by  rain  or  swimming  rivers,  keep  in  motion 
until  the  clothes  are  dried,  and  no  harm  will  result. 

28.  Whenever  it  is  possible,  do,  by  all  means,  when  you  use  water 
for  cooking  or  drinking  from  ponds  or  sluggish  streams,  boil  it  well, 
and,  when  cool,  shake  it,  or  stir  it,  so  that  the  oxygen  of  the  air  shall  get 
to  it,  which  greatly  improves  it  for  drinking.  This  boiling  arrests  the 
progress  of  fermentation  which  arises  from  the  presence  of  organic  and 
inorganic  impurities,  tending  to  prevent  cholera  and  all  bowel  diseases. 
If  there  is  no  time  for  boiling,  at  least  strain  it  through  a  cloth,  even  if 
you  have  to  use  a  shirt  or  trowser-ieg. 

29.  Twelve  men  are  hit  in  battle  dressed  in  red  where  there  are  only 
five  dressed  in  a  blueish  gray — a  difference  of  more  than  two  to  one  ; 
green,  seven  ;  brown,  six. 

30.  Water  can  be  made  almost  ice  in  the  hottest  weather  by  closely 
enveloping  a  filled  canteen,  or  other  vessel,  with  woolen  cloth,  kept 
plentifully  wetted  and  exposed. 

31.  While  on  a  march,  lie  down  the  moment  you  halt  to  rest.  Every 
minute  spent  in  that  position  refreshes  more  than  five  standing  or  loit- 
ering about. 

32.  A  daily  evacuation  of  the  bowels  is  indispensable  to  bodily 
health,  vigor  and  endurance  ;  this  is  promoted  in  many  cases  by  stirring 
a  table-spoonful  of  corn  (Indian)  meal  in  a  glass  of  water,  and  drinking 
it  on  rising  in  the  morning. 

33.  Loose  bowels,  namely,  acting  more  than  once  a  day,  with  a  feel- 
ing of  debility  afterwards,  is  the  first  step  towards  cholera.  The  best 
remedy  is  instant  and  perfect  quietude  of  body;    eating  nothing  but 


10 

boiled  rice,  with  or  without  boiled  milk;  in  more  decided  cases,  a  avooI- 
en  flannel,  with  two  thicknesses  in  front,  should  be  bound  tightly  around 
the  abdomen,  especially  if  marching  is  a  necessity. 

34.  To  "have  been  to  the  wars"  is  a  life-long  honor,  increasing  with 
advancing  years,  while  to  have  died  in  defence  of  your  country  will  be 
the  boast  and  glory  of  your  children's  children. 


APPENDIX  B. 

But  why  this  remarkable  unity  of  opposition  to  Southern  secession  ? 
The  reason  is,  that  by  a  united  opposition,  each  party  may  serve  its  own 
ends.     There  are  at  least  four  distinct  parties  in  this  opposition. 

First,  those  who  are  sincerely  ami  laudably  attached  to  the  old  Union, 
and  desire  its  preservation. 

Secondly,  politicians  and  demagogues,  who  would  lose  their  chief  ral- 
lying; cry,  if  the  slavery  agitation  should  be  destroyed  by  Southern  se- 
cession. And  politicians  soek  for  power  and  plunder,  the  loaves  and 
fishes.  But  these  depend  on  a  full  treasury,  which  must  come  from  a 
fruitful  revenue.  And  they  know  that  more  than  two-thirds  of  the  rev- 
enue of  the  old  government  came  out  of  Southern  exports.  There- 
fore, if  the  South  secedes,  they  must  lose  the  spoils. 

A  third  class  are  Northern  capitalists,  manufacturers,  merchants,  and 
shippers.  This  large  class  will  be  materially  damaged  by  the  secession 
of  the  South,  and  a  direct  trade  with  Europe.  Therefore  covetous  self- 
interest  makes  them  specially  devoted  to  the  Union.  And  like  Deme- 
trius and  his  fellow  craftsmen,  who  made  much  money  by  selling  silver 
shrines  of  the  goddess  Diana,  when  they  saw  that  Paul's  preaching  the 
true  God  was  annihilating  idolatry,  and  reducing  the  demand  for  silver 
shrines,  they  gathered  a  multitude,  and  all  with  one  voice  for  two  hours 
shouted  :  "Great  is  Diana  of  the  Ephesians."  And  these  Northern  cap- 
italists are  shouting:   ''Great  is  the  Union!  Great  is  the  Union!" 

A  fourth  class,  the  largest,  is  the  real  simon  pure  abolitionists,  the 
worst  grade  of  modern  infidels,  the  legitimate  sons  of  Belial,  whose 
motto  is  rule  or  ruin;  and  whose  religious  creed  has  this  one  article,  op- 
position to  slavery  is  piety  towards  God.  These  men  care  not  for  the 
Union;  nay»  they  are  avowed  disunionists  in  church  and  state.  But  they 
are  now  united  in  the  Northern  opposition  to  the  South,  with  the  hope 
that  coercion  will  be  the  death  of  slavery:  and  already  have  they  flung 
their  dark  banner  to  the  breeze,  and  threatened  a  servile  war.  The  op- 
position therefore  of  the  North,  embraces  a  coalition  of  union-lovers, 
demagogues,  capitalists,  and  simon  pure  abolitionists. 


APPENDIX  C. 

The  Southern  iiiterpretaiioii  of  tin-  Constitution,  is  fully  maintained 
by.  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  late  U.  S.  '-In  the  case  of  Prigg  versus 
the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  it  was  asserted  by  every  judge  on 
the  bench,  that  the  provision  lor  the  rendition  of  fugitive  slaves  was  de- 
signed to  secure  to  the  citizens  of  the  slave-holding'states.  the  complete 


20 

rio-ht  and  title  of  ownership  in  their  slaves  as  property,  in  every  state 
of  the  Union,  into  which  they  might  escape  from  the  state  where  they 
were  held  in  servitude." 

These  are  the  words  of  Mr.  Justice  Story,  of  Massachusetts,  who  al- 
so added  this  testimony:  "The  full  recognition  of  this  right  and  title, 
was  indispensable  to  the  security  of  this  kind  of  property,  in  all  the 
slave-holding  states ;  and,  indeed,  was  so  vital  to  the  preservation  of 
their  domestic  interests  and  institutions,  that  it  cannot  be  doubted  that 
it  constituted  a  fundamental  article,  without  the  adoption  of  which,  the 
Union  could  not  have  been  established." 

'  Said  judge  Daniel,  another  of  the  judges  of  the  Supreme  Court :  "The 
paramount  authority  of  tnis  clause  in  the  constitution,  to  guarantee  to 
the  owner,  the  right  of  property  in  his  slave,  and  the  absolute  nullity 
of  any  state  power,  directly  or  indirectly,  openly  or  covertly,  aimed  to 
impair  the  right,  or  to  obstruct  its  enjoyment,  I  admit,  nay,  insist  upon 
to  the  fullest  extent." 

It  is  therefore  clear,  from  the  opinion  of  judges  Story  and  Daniel,  that 
the  right  of  secession  may  be  inferred  from  a  disregard  of  the  fug- 
itive slave  clause.  Because  the  insertion  of  that  provision  in  the  con- 
stitution, was  a  condition  fundamental  to  its  adoption  by  the  slave-hold- 
ing states.  The  repudiation  therefore  of  said  provision,  on  the  part  of 
the  free  states,  either  by  statute  or  actual  violation,  is  a  nullification  of 
the  original  compact  binding  the  states  together,  and  becomes  a  condi- 
tion precedent  for  secession.  For  if  one  party  violates  a  mutual  com- 
pact, the  other  party  certainly  has  the  right  to  withdraw  from  a  broken 
compact. 

Says  the  North,  in  actious  speaking  louder  than  words,  eleven  of  our 
states  will  break  that  compact  when  we  think  best,  but  not  one,  nor  sev- 
en, nor  eleven  of  the  Southern  states  shall  withdraw,  although  the  com* 
pact  be  repeatedly  broken. 

APPENDIX  D. 

It  appears  from  the  history  of  the  country,  that  the  doctrine  of  seces- 
sion is  by  no  means  novel,  although  pronounced  so  monstrous  in  these 
days.  It  is  a  well  known  fact  that  the  war  of  1812,  undertaken  to  re- 
sent injuries  and  insults  to  our  commerco  and  flag,  was  strenuously  op- 
posed by  the  New  England  states;  and  they  were  so  much  inflamed  by 
the  passage  of  the  Embargo  Act,  that  their  members,  in  open  Congress, 
"declared°that  they  were  repining  for  a  secession  from  the  Union." — 
And  in  the  Hartford  Convention,  assembled  in  the  midst  of  the  war,  by 
delegates  from  every  New  England  state,  "the  report  adopted  by  them 
uses°the  following  language:  "whenever  it  shall  appear  that  these  cau- 
ses are  radical  and  permanent,  a  separation  by  equitable  arrangement 
will  be  preferable  to  an  alliance  by  constraint,  not  among  nominal  friends, 
but  real  enemies,  inflamed  by  mutual  hatred  and  jealousy.  Again:  In 
cases  of  deliberate,  dangerous,  and  palpable  infractions  of  the  Constitution, 
affecting  the  sovereignty  of  a  state,  and  the  liberties  of  the  people,  it  is 
not  only  the  right  but  the  duty  of  such  state  to  interpose  its  authority 
for  their  protection,  in  the  manner  best  calculated  to  secure  that  end." 
^When  emergencies  occur,  which  are  beyond  the  reach  of  the  judicial 


W 


21 

tribunals,  or  too  pressing  to  admit  of  the  delay  incident  to  their  forms, 
states  which  have  no  common  umpire,  must  be  their  own  judge  and  ex- 
ecute their  own  decisions." 

Here  is  secession  full  blown,  and  nearly  fifty  years  old.  And  it  is 
singular  that  the  very  people  now  so  zealous  for  the  constitution,  aud  so 
ready  to  arm  for  the  coercion  of  the  South  for  secession,  could  claim  it 
for  themselves,  when  it  suited  their  prejudices  and  interests,  And  ma- 
ny remember,  that  the  annexation  of  Texas  was  so  opposed  by  Massa- 
chusetts, that  she  regarded  it  a  cause  of  secession,  and  actually  pas- 
sed the  following  ordinance:  "Resolved,  that  Texas  in  the  Union",  Mas- 
sachusetts is  out  of  the  Union. " 

But  the  right  of  secession  claims  a  more  ancient  and  imposing  author- 
ity, in  the  action  of  the  states,  in  their  adoption  of  the  Federal  Consti- 
tution, between  the  years  1787  and  1790.  We  allude  to  the  remarkable 
fact,  that  in  the  very  act  of  ratifying  the  Federal  Constitution,  three 
states  assertad  their  sovereign  right  to  resume  the  powers  they  had  del- 
egated. 

"New  York  declared  in  these  words,  that  the  powers  of  government 
may  be  reassumed  by  the  people  whenever  it  rhall  become  necessary  to 
their  happiness" — "and  further  indicates  what  people  she  means,  bv 
speaking,  in  the  same  connection,  of  the  residuary  power  and  jurisdiction 
in  the  people  of  the  state,  not  granted  to  the  General  Government." 

"The  delegates  of  Virginia,  declared  and  made  known,  in  the  name 
and  behalf  of  the  people  of  Virginia,  that  the  powers  granted  under  the 
constitution,  being  derived  from  the  people  of  the  United  States,  may 
be  resumed  by  them,  whenever  the  same  shall  be  perverted  to  their  in- 
jury and  oppression." 

"In  like  manner  Rhode  Island  protested  against  the  remission  of  her 
right  to  resumption." 

But  these  three  states,  with  their  recorded  right  to  secession,  were  re- 
ceived into  the  Federal  Union.  And  if  the  right  was  admitted  in  one, 
in  three  cases,  it  embraces  an  implied  right  for  each  and  every  state.' 
This  right  therefore  has  been  acknowledged  by  our  government  seventy 
years  ago. 


APPENDIX  E. 

Secession  can  be  plainly  deduced  from  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence, that  particular  political  Gospel  of  the  free  states,  in  which  it  is 
especially  claimed,  that  the  right  to  govern  shall  be  derived  from  the 

consent  of  the  governed,     This  is  the  language  of  the  Declaration: 

"That  to  secure  these  rights,  governments  are  instituted  among  men, 
deriving  their  just  powers  from  the  consent  of  the  governed;  and  when- 
ever any  form  of  government  becomes  destructive  of  these  ends,  it  is 
the  right  of  the  people  to  alter  or  abolish  it,  and  to  institute  a  new  gov- 
ernment, laying  its  foundation  on  such  principle*?,  and  organizing  its 
powers  in  such  form,  as  to  them  shall  seem  most  likely  to  effect  their 
safety  and  happiness."  And  certainly  the  right  to  alter  or  abolish,  im- 
plies, yea  includes,  the  right  to  secede.  And  if  this  right  was  assumed 
by  the  colonies  of  a  regal  government,  it  certainly  appertains  to  the  e- 


23 

qual  sovereigns  of  a  republican  confederacy.  Deny  this  rio-ht,  and  a 
Republic  becomes  the  worst  of  despotisms,  a  Democratic  Despotism, 
wherein  a  minority  has  no  refuge  from  the  violence  of  a  majority,  whose' 
right  consists  in  might,  and  whose  numerical  supremacy  will  justify 
them,  in  misinterpreting  or  setting  aside  a  mutual  compact,  at  wijl  or 
pleasure. 


APPENDIX  F. 

Omitting  the  utterances  of  Southern  statesmen,  we  quote  first  from  a 
patriotic  speech  made  by  Millard  Fillmore  in  Albany,  in  July,  1856,  a, 
gainst  the  Black  Republicans.  Said  he:  "We  see  a  political  party  pre- 
senting candidates  for  the  presidency  and  vice-presidency,  selected,  for 
the  first  time,  from  the  free  states  alone,  with  the  avowed  pnrpose  of 
electing  these  candidates  by  suffrages  of  one  part  of  the  Union  only,  to 
to  rule  over  the  whole  United.  States.  Can  it  be  possible  that  those  en- 
gaged in  such  a  measure,  can  have  seriously  reflected  on  the  consequen- 
ces which  must  inevitably  follow  in  case  of  success?  Can  they  have 
the  madness  or  the  folly  to  believe  that  our  Southern  brethren  would 
submit,  to  be  governed  by  such  a  chief  magistrate?  *****  Suppose 
that  the  South,  having  a  majority  of  the  electoral  votes,  should  declare 
that  they  would  only  have  slave-holders  for  president  and  vice-president, 
and  should  elect  such  by  their  exclusive  suffrage  to  rule  over  us  at  the 
North!  Do  you  think  that  we  would  submit?  No!  not  for  a  moment! 
And  do  you  believe  your  Southern  brethren  are  less  sensitive  on  this 
subject  than  you  are,  or  less  jealous  of  their  rights?  If  you  do,  let  me 
tell  you  that  you  are  mistaken !  And  therefore  you  must  see,  that  if 
this  sectional  party  succeeds,  it  leads  inevitably  to  the  destruction  of 
this  beautiful  fabric,  reared  by  our  fathers,  cemented  by  their  blood,  and 
bequeathed  to  us  as  a  priceless  inheritance." 

Thus  spake  Fillmore  in  1856.  Now  that  his  prophecy  has  come  to 
pass,  that  "the  South  would  not  submit,"  and,  as  he  then  thought,  ought 
not  to  submit,  where  is  Fillmore  to-day?  He  renounces  the  principles 
of  1856,  embraces  the  party  he  then  condemned,  repudiates  the  South, 
and  subscribes  to  subjugate  her,  fordoing  what  he  virtually  advised  her 
to  do. 

And  what  said  that  ardent  unionist,  Ex-Governor,  now  General,  Banks* 
in  1856.  He  spoke  prophetically,  little  dreaming  that  a  fulfillment  was 
so  near  at  hand,  He  said:  "I  can  conceive  of  a  time  when  the  consti- 
tution shall  not  be  in  existence ;  when  we  shall  have  an  absolute  mili- 
ary dictatorial  government,  with  men  at  its  head  who  are  made  rulers 
by  military  commission." 

So  far  as  the  old  Federal  Government  is  concerned,  the  door  to  mili- 
tary dictatorship  is  opening  every  day;  perhaps  too  late  to  be  attained 
by  "that  aged  Ahithophel,  General  Scott,  but  just  in  the  nick  of  time  for 
General  Banks. 

And  now,  reader,  who  do  you  suppose  used  the  'following  language? 
♦'Any  people  anywhere,  being  inclined  and  having  the  power,  have  a 
right  to  rise  up  and  shake  off  the  existing  government  and  form  a  new' 
One  that  suits  them  better.     This  is  a  most  valuable,  a  most  sacred  right 


28 

— a  right  which,  we  hope  and  believe,  is  to  liberate  the  world.  Nor  is 
this  right  confined  to  cases  in  which  the  whole  people  of  an  existing 
government  may  choose  to  exercise  it.  Any  portion  of  such  people 
that  can,  may  revolutionize,  and  make  their  own  of  so  much  of  the  ter- 
ritory as  they  inhabit.  More  than  this,  a  majority  of  any  portion  of 
such  people  may  revolutionize,  putting  down  a  minority,  intermingled 
with,  or  near  about  them,  who  may  oppose  their  movements.  It  is  a 
quality  of  revolutions  not  to  go  by  old  lines,  or  o/t/iaws:  but  to  break  up 
both,  and  make  new  ones." — [Appendix  to  Con.  Globe.  1st  Session  30th 
Congress,  page  94. 

Would  you  ever  guess  that  Abraham  Lincoln  was  the  author?  He  is 
the  very  man,  and  now  he  is  in  the  very  face  of  that  declaration,  call- 
ing for  hireling  troops  to  subjugate  a  people  who  have  dared  to  exercise 
that  "most  sacred  right"  of  rising  up  and  shaking  off  the  existing  gov- 
ernment to  form  a  new  one  that  suits  them  better. 

Thus  spake  Lincoln  in  Congress,  in  1848.  Who  would  believe  that 
the  poor  hunted  despised  Bird  of  Secession,  alias  Revolution,  once  had 
a  resting-place  in  Abraham's  bosom?  Then,  if  ever,  he  was  honest 
Abe,  the  rail-splitter.  But  now,  his  majesty,  the  Nation-splitter!  the 
American  Autocrat,  who  dares  to  trample  on  his  own  constitution,  and 
suspend  the  writ  of  "Habeus  corpus,"  an  usurpation  which  no  sover- 
eign of  England  has  dared  to  assume,  since  the  downfall  of  the  Stuart 
Dynasty. 


Muster  Roll  of  tin    Rome   Light   Guards. 


E.  J.  Magruder,  Captain. 

S.  H.  Hall,  1st  Lieutenant. 

M.    Dwinell,2d 

G.  R.  Lumpkin,  3d  " 

J.  T.  Moore,  Orderly  Sergeant. 

R>F.  Hutchings,      " 

W.  S.  Hutchings, 


J  H  Anderson, 
G  L  Aycock, 
A  J  *Beard en, 
J  F  Beasley, 
W  A  Barron, 
W  S  Booton, 
R  W  Boggs, 
L  Barnsley, 
W  J  Barrett, 
George  Barnsley 
J  N  Bearden, 
Philip  Cohen, 
J  B  Clark, 
9  S  Clayton, 


OFFICERS. 

Isaac  Donkel,  4th   Serjeant. 
W.  S.  Skidmore,   1st  Corporal. 
M.  B.  Holland,  2d 
L.  S.  Mitchel,    3d 
J.  J.  Black,         4th,      " 
.1.  M.  Gregory,  M.  D.,  Surgeon. 
G.  G.  Mercks,  Bugler. 
Jimmy  Smith,  Drummer. 

PRIVATES. 


W  F  Glenn, 

Z  B  Hargrove, 

T  C  Howard, 

Silas  R  Jones, 

Josiah  Johnston, 

J  M  Jack, 

A  R  Johnson, 

C  L  Johnson, 

J  Dunwoody  Jones. 

M  Kaufman, 

J  W  Kins, 

Win  Lother, 

W  S  Lansdell, 

Win  Leigh, 


( !  H  Norton, 
G  C  Norton, 
W  F  Omberg, 
J  R  Penny, 
A  F  Pemberton, 
W  M  Payne, 
M  A  Ross 
C  WRush, 
V  A  Stewart, 
J  F  Shelton, 
M  L  Sanders, 
<i  T  Stovall,     . 
T  W  Swank, 
H  A  Smith, 


24 


H  D  Cotbran, 
R  D  DeJourriett, 
G  G  Demming, 
F  M  Ezzell, 
J  S  Gibbons,  j 
L  Graves, 


W  H  H  Martin, 

Wm  McCay, 
M  D  McOsker, 
Thos  McGrath, 
W  S  MorefleJd, 
D  H  Miller, 


GR  Sanford,  \ 
J  J  Stinson, 
F  M  Stovall, 
J  A  Stevenson, 
J  T  Shackelford, 
R  P  Walters. 


Muster  Roll  of  the  Miller  Rifles. 

OFFICERS. 


< 


J.  R.  Towers,  Captain. 

E.  W.  Hull,         1st.  Lieutenant. 

Dunlap  Scott,      2d  " 

A.  R.  Harper,     3d 

O.  B.  Eve,         Orderly  Sergeant. 

John  Berry,  2d  " 


J.  L.  Skinner,      3d         Sergeant. 

C.  C.  Campbell,  4th 

B.  F.  Price,         5th 

A.  C.  Morrison,  1st  Corporal. 

,      2d 
T.  J.  Hill,   <V    3d 


R.  B.  Wright,  4th  Corporal. 


S  H  Adams, 
L  B  Arnold, 
S  B  Asbury, 
T  W  Asbury, 
W  J  Andrews, 
Dr.  A  M  Boyd, 
Edmund  Bishop, 
R  NBowden, 
A  J  Bobo, 
V  A  Bell, 
John  Baily, 
TV  P  Coleman, 
N  R  Coleman, 
TV  J  Cannon, 
W  T  Cornelius, 
S  H  Chambers, 
J  H  Cooper, 
TV  P  Diamond, 
E  R  Diamnod, 
J  T  Duane, 
Elijah  Donnough, 
J  H  Davis, 
J  J  Davis, 
J  C  Eve, 
TV  J  Evans, 
Silas  Embry, 
E  M  Eason, 
J  T  Eason, 
J  Earp, 


PRIVATES. 

M  Funderburke, 
TV  L  Foster, 
N  S  Fain. 
L  L  Floyd, 
E  P  Griffith, 
W  M  Greer, 
T  J  Glenn, 
H  T  Garrett, 
R  J  F  Hill, 
TV  A  Hardin, 
C  M  Harper, 
D  C  Harper, 
H  C  Harper, 
Charles  Hooper, 
Gabriel  Jones, 
W  A  King, 
Frank  Lathrop, 
J  R  Leazer, 
TVm  Leazer, 
Maj.  John  Minton, 
J  H  Miller, 
H  L  Miller, 
J  M  Montgomery, 
Tyler  Motes, 
Thomas  Mobley, 
J  L  Mitchell, 
TV  H  May, 
W  T  McNatt, 
J  E  Moore, 


Joe  McKinzie, 
Jno.  O  Oswaltz, 
M  L  Palmer, 
TV  M  Parks, 
G  TV  Payne, 
J  L  Pyle, 
R  D  Price, 
F   JFGluarls, 
J  TV  Robertson, 
Jourdon  Reese, 
F  M  Reynolds, 
TV  H  Skinner, 
T  C  Sparks, 
T  J  Self, 
J  H  Silvey, 
J  M  Taylor, 
W  J  Taylor, 
T  E  Thomhill, 
D  S  Teat, 
S  C  Trout, 
TV  P  Trout, 
M  M  Wright, 
A  J  Wiikins, 
L  B  Wimpee, 
J  T  Wimpee, 
W  S  Wimpee, 
B  F  Whitehead, 
W  W  Ware,       . 
L  I  Yarbrough 


M 


